Common Name: Black-Eyed Susan

Scientific Name: Rudbeckia hirta

Type of Plant: Herbaceous perennial (often grown as an annual or biennial)

Sun Requirements: Full sun to partial shade

Soil Requirements: Well-draining soil; tolerates a range of soil types, including clay and loam

Moisture Requirements: Moderate moisture; drought-tolerant once established

Season of Interest: Summer to early fall

Height: Typically 2-3 feet tall

Width: 1-2 feet wide

Flower Color: Bright yellow petals with a dark brown to black center

Ideal Planting Locations: Meadows, prairies, borders, cottage gardens, and naturalized areas

Benefits for the Area: Attracts butterflies, bees, and other pollinators; provides long-lasting color and charm to the garden; supports wildlife with its nectar-rich flowers.

Medicinal Uses: Traditionally used by Native Americans to treat colds, snake bites, and sores.

Edible Uses: Not commonly consumed.

Host Plant for:

• Various butterflies and insects

Spring Care: Cut back any dead growth from the previous year; divide clumps if they become too large.

Summer Care: Water during prolonged dry periods to maintain moderate moisture levels; deadhead spent flowers to encourage more blooms.

Fall Care: Allow seed heads to mature if you want to attract birds; cut back the plant after the first frost.

Winter Care: Black-Eyed Susan is hardy and typically requires minimal care during winter; ensure mulch remains in place to provide root protection.